General Orthopaedic Conditions

Orthopaedic conditions can affect the bones, joints, muscles, ligaments and tendons, often causing pain, stiffness, weakness or difficulty with movement. Some conditions develop gradually due to ageing, wear and tear or repetitive stress, while others may occur following an injury or trauma.

Dr. Pratik Agarwal, Consultant Orthopaedic & Joint Replacement Surgeon in Siliguri, evaluates and treats a range of orthopaedic conditions affecting different parts of the musculoskeletal system. Treatment is planned according to the diagnosis, severity of the condition, functional limitations and individual needs.

Osteo arthritis

Osteoarthritis is a common joint condition in which the protective cartilage within a joint gradually wears down. It can affect weight-bearing joints such as the knee and hip, as well as other joints, and may progressively interfere with everyday activities.

What Are The Symptoms Of Osteoarthritis?

Common symptoms of osteoarthritis may include:

  • Joint pain, particularly during or after activity
  • Stiffness, especially after periods of rest
  • Reduced range of joint movement
  • Swelling around the affected joint
  • Pain while walking, climbing stairs or performing daily activities
  • Difficulty performing activities that previously felt comfortable
  • A feeling of weakness or reduced joint function
  • Symptoms that gradually become more persistent

 

The severity and progression of symptoms can vary from person to person.

Frozen shoulder typically develops in stages, with pain and stiffness changing over time. Recovery can take several months, and some patients may experience prolonged restriction of movement without appropriate treatment.

What Causes Osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis may develop due to several factors, including:

  • Age-related changes in the joint
  • Previous joint injuries
  • Repeated stress or loading on a joint
  • Previous trauma or surgery
  • Increased mechanical load on the joint
  • Certain structural or alignment abnormalities
  • Long-term wear and tear of the joint

 

Not everyone with joint pain has osteoarthritis, so appropriate evaluation is important.

How Is Osteoarthritis Diagnosed?

Diagnosis generally begins with a detailed medical history and physical examination. Dr. Pratik Agarwal may assess:

  • Location and nature of the pain
  • Joint movement and stiffness
  • Swelling or tenderness
  • Joint stability and function
  • Difficulty with walking or daily activities

 

X-rays are commonly used to assess changes within the joint. Additional imaging may be recommended when clinically required.

How Is Osteoarthritis Treated?

Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and the condition of the joint. Depending on the individual case, treatment may include:

  • Activity modification
  • Exercise and physiotherapy
  • Weight management where appropriate
  • Medicines prescribed for pain or inflammation
  • Supportive measures and rehabilitation
  • Joint-preserving treatments in selected patients
  • Joint replacement surgery for advanced joint damage when appropriate

 

The aim is to reduce symptoms, improve mobility and help maintain function.

Tendon & Ligament Conditions

Tendons connect muscles to bones, while ligaments connect bones to each other and help provide stability to joints. Problems involving these structures can occur because of sports injuries, falls, repetitive movements, overuse or other forms of trauma.

What Are The Symptoms Of Tendon & Ligament Conditions?

Depending on the affected structure, symptoms may include:

  • Pain around a joint or affected area
  • Tenderness
  • Swelling
  • Weakness
  • Reduced range of movement
  • Joint instability
  • Pain during specific movements
  • Difficulty performing physical activities
  • Discomfort that increases with repetitive activity

 

Symptoms can vary depending on whether the problem involves a tendon, ligament or surrounding structures.

What Causes Tendon & Ligament Conditions?

Common causes and contributing factors include:

  • Sports injuries
  • Falls or accidents
  • Twisting injuries
  • Direct trauma
  • Repetitive movements
  • Overuse
  • Sudden increases in physical activity
  • Previous injuries
  • Activities that repeatedly place stress on a particular joint

How Are Tendon & Ligament Conditions Diagnosed?

Diagnosis usually involves a detailed history and physical examination. The affected area may be assessed for:

  • Tenderness
  • Swelling
  • Range of movement
  • Strength
  • Joint stability
  • Pain during specific movements

 

Depending on the suspected problem, investigations such as X-rays, ultrasound or MRI may be recommended.

How Are Tendon & Ligament ConditionsTreated?

Treatment depends on the affected structure and severity of the injury. It may include:

  • Activity modification
  • Rest and protection of the affected area
  • Physiotherapy
  • Stretching and strengthening exercises
  • Rehabilitation
  • Bracing or other supportive measures
  • Medicines when prescribed
  • Surgical treatment in selected cases

The treatment plan is individualised according to the injury and the patient’s functional requirements.

How Can Dr. Pratik Agarwal Help Treat Tendon & Ligament Conditions?

Dr. Pratik Agarwal evaluates tendon and ligament problems through a detailed clinical assessment and, when required, appropriate imaging.

Depending on the diagnosis, he may recommend non-surgical treatment, physiotherapy and rehabilitation or further orthopaedic management. For selected injuries where surgery is clinically appropriate, surgical treatment may also be considered based on the condition and individual requirements.

Bursitis

Bursae are small fluid-filled structures that help reduce friction between tissues around joints. Bursitis occurs when a bursa becomes irritated or inflamed.

It can affect different parts of the body, including areas around the shoulder, hip, elbow and knee.

What Are The Symptoms Of Bursitis?

Symptoms may include:

  • Localised pain
  • Tenderness around the affected area
  • Swelling
  • Pain during movement
  • Stiffness
  • Discomfort when pressure is applied to the affected area
  • Increased pain during repetitive activities

 

Symptoms may become more noticeable during activities that repeatedly put pressure on the affected area.

What Causes Bursitis?

Bursitis may develop due to:

  • Repetitive movements
  • Overuse
  • Prolonged pressure on a joint
  • Direct trauma
  • Certain joint conditions
  • Repetitive sporting activities
  • Occupational activities involving repeated movement or pressure

How Is Bursitis Diagnosed?

Diagnosis generally involves discussing the symptoms and examining the affected area.

Dr. Pratik Agarwal may assess:

  • The location of pain
  • Tenderness
  • Swelling
  • Range of movement
  • Pain during specific movements
  • Associated joint or musculoskeletal problems

 

Imaging may be recommended when necessary to assess the affected structures or rule out other causes of symptoms.

How Is BursitisTreated?

Treatment depends on the severity and underlying cause. Depending on the individual case, treatment may include:

  • Activity modification
  • Rest or protection of the affected area
  • Physiotherapy
  • Stretching and strengthening exercises
  • Medicines when prescribed
  • Supportive measures
  • Further orthopaedic treatment when symptoms persist

 

Persistent or recurrent symptoms should be evaluated to determine whether another underlying condition is contributing to the problem.

How Can Dr. Pratik Agarwal HelpTreat Bursitis?

Dr. Pratik Agarwal evaluates persistent joint-area pain and swelling to identify whether bursitis or another musculoskeletal condition may be responsible.

After clinical assessment and appropriate investigations, treatment can be planned according to the underlying cause and severity. This may include non-surgical management, physiotherapy and rehabilitation, with further orthopaedic treatment considered when clinically required.

How Can Dr. Pratik Agarwal Help With General Orthopaedic Conditions?

Dr. Pratik Agarwal provides evaluation and treatment for a range of orthopaedic conditions affecting the bones, joints and soft tissues.

Depending on the condition, assessment may include:

  • Detailed medical and injury history
  • Physical examination
  • Assessment of joint movement and function
  • Evaluation of joint stability
  • Appropriate imaging and investigations
  • Identification of factors contributing to pain or restricted movement

 

Treatment is planned according to the individual diagnosis and may include non-surgical management, medicines when prescribed, physiotherapy and rehabilitation, activity modification and other supportive measures.

For selected patients, advanced orthopaedic procedures such as arthroscopic treatment may be considered where clinically indicated. Joint-preserving procedures or joint replacement may also be considered for appropriate patients with significant joint damage.

The focus is on identifying the cause of symptoms and developing an appropriate treatment plan based on the patient’s condition, functional needs and overall health.

Frequently Asked Questions

An orthopaedic doctor evaluates and treats conditions affecting the bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, tendons and other parts of the musculoskeletal system. These may include joint problems, injuries, fractures, arthritis and other conditions affecting movement and function.

Book An Appointment With Dr. Pratik Agarwal

Specialised Orthopaedic Care

Dr. Pratik Agarwal combines specialised expertise, advanced surgical techniques and personalised care to help patients move with greater comfort and confidence.

1

Replacement Expertise

Specialised care for painful, damaged knee and hip joints, focused on restoring movement and helping you get back to everyday life.

2

Advanced Arthroscopy

Modern keyhole techniques for ligament, meniscus, shoulder and sports-related injuries, with treatment adapted to your condition.

3

Trauma & Fracture Care

From common fractures to complex trauma, expert orthopaedic care focused on stabilising injuries and restoring function.

4

Personalised Care

Every patient is different. Get evidence-based treatment planned around your condition, lifestyle and recovery goals. 

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