Joint replacement is a surgical procedure in which a damaged or severely worn-out joint is replaced with an artificial joint.
Conditions such as advanced arthritis, severe cartilage damage, previous injuries or degeneration can cause the joint surfaces to become rough and painful.
The goal is simple — reduce pain, restore movement and help you move with greater confidence.
Joint replacement is generally considered when joint damage has become significant and starts interfering with everyday life.
You may need an evaluation if you experience:
Total knee replacement surgery involves replacing the damaged surfaces of the knee joint with artificial components. It is generally considered when significant damage affects multiple areas of the knee and causes persistent pain, stiffness and difficulty with movement.
Total Knee Replacement may be considered for:

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Partial hip replacement, also known as hemiarthroplasty, involves replacing the damaged ball-shaped portion of the hip joint while preserving the socket. It may be considered in certain conditions where the femoral head is damaged but the hip socket remains suitable.
Partial Hip Replacement May Be Recommended For:
Total hip replacement surgery replaces both the damaged ball and socket of the hip joint with artificial components. The procedure aims to reduce pain and help restore smoother hip movement and function.
Total Hip Replacement May Be Recommended For:
Unicondylar knee replacement, also known as partial knee replacement, involves replacing only the damaged compartment of the knee while preserving the healthy parts of the joint. It may be considered when arthritis or damage is limited to one compartment of the knee.
Unicondylar Knee Replacement May Be Considered For:
Total elbow replacement surgery involves replacing the damaged surfaces of the elbow joint with artificial components. It is performed to reduce pain and improve the function of the elbow when significant joint damage affects movement and everyday activities.
Total Elbow Replacement May Be Considered For:
Reverse shoulder arthroplasty is a specialised type of shoulder replacement in which the normal ball-and-socket arrangement of the shoulder is reversed. This changes the mechanics of the shoulder and may help improve arm movement in selected patients where the rotator cuff is significantly damaged.
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty May Be Considered For:
Joint replacement surgery is performed under appropriate anaesthesia. The damaged surfaces of the joint are carefully prepared and replaced with specially designed artificial components.
The procedure is planned according to factors such as:
Recovery doesn’t end when the surgery is over.
A structured rehabilitation programme plays an important role in helping you regain strength, flexibility and confidence in the replaced joint.
Depending on the joint replaced and your individual recovery, you may be guided through:
For patients with advanced joint damage, joint replacement can offer meaningful improvements in everyday life.
Potential benefits include:
The results of surgery can vary from person to person, and appropriate patient selection, surgical planning and rehabilitation are important parts of achieving a good outcome.
Like any major surgical procedure, joint replacement has potential risks and complications.
These may include:
Your orthopaedic surgeon will assess your health and discuss the potential benefits, risks and expected recovery before surgery.
No. Joint replacement is generally considered when joint damage is advanced and pain or restricted movement continues to significantly affect daily life despite appropriate non-surgical treatment.
If you have persistent knee pain, stiffness, difficulty walking, trouble climbing stairs or pain that affects sleep and everyday activities, an orthopaedic evaluation can help determine the severity of the condition and the appropriate treatment.
Recovery varies depending on the joint replaced, the patient's overall health, the type of procedure and rehabilitation. A personalised physiotherapy and recovery plan can help patients gradually regain movement and strength.
Many patients are able to return to a wide range of everyday activities after recovery. The timing and level of activity depend on the joint replaced, individual recovery and the advice of your orthopaedic surgeon.
Delaying surgery does not necessarily mean that surgery will be required immediately. However, if severe joint damage continues untreated, pain, stiffness, reduced mobility and difficulty with daily activities may persist or worsen. An early evaluation can help you understand your treatment options.
If joint pain is persistent, affects your sleep or daily activities, or makes walking and normal movement difficult, it is worth consulting an orthopaedic specialist for an evaluation.